Untersuchung der Sterilität von Hybriden bei Paramecium tetraurelia

Untersuchung der Sterilität von Hybriden bei Paramecium tetraurelia

Guillaume Pellerin

89,53 €
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Editorial:
KS OmniScriptum Publishing
Año de edición:
2023
Materia
Genética (no médica)
ISBN:
9786205769263
89,53 €
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Wie alle Ciliaten ordnet auch P. tetraurelia sein Genom in jeder Geschlechtsgeneration während der Entwicklung seines somatischen Makronukleus aus dem Keimbahnmikronukleus neu an. Die Rearrangements beinhalten die präzise Exzision kurzer Sequenzen, die von Transposons abgeleitet sind und als IES (Internal Eliminated Sequences) bezeichnet werden. Die Genauigkeit der Exzision ist für die Hälfte der Paramecien-Gene, die mindestens eine IES enthalten, von entscheidender Bedeutung. Die Exzision eines Bruchteils von ihnen hängt von kleinen mütterlichen RNAs ab, die an Piwi-Proteine gebunden sind (sog. scnRNAs) und während der Meiose aus dem gesamten Keimbahngenom produziert werden. Dieser Mechanismus stellt bei der Konjugation zwischen zwei Stämmen mit Insertionspolymorphismen ein Problem dar: Eine Zelle wird theoretisch nicht in der Lage sein, eine IES, die vom empfangenen väterlichen Allel getragen wird, auszuschneiden, wenn diese IES im mütterlichen Allel fehlt oder die Sequenz zu stark divergiert. Diese These zeigt, dass Polymorphismen keine mütterlichen Exzisionsdefekte erzeugen. Ein unbekannter Mechanismus scheint jedoch bei hemizygoten IES zu Exzisionsproblemen zu führen und könnte zu einer reproduktiven Isolation beitragen.

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