Sevara Karimboeva
Soil is a 'living space' and 'workshop' for millions of living organisms. According to data, up to 1.5 million simple microorganisms live in one gram of soil. The number of small invertebrates in one hectare of soil ranges from 12.5 million to 2 billion. Such a diverse and huge number of organisms not only live in the soil, but also convert organic matter into mineral substances, and the granularity, porosity, and moisture movement of the soil serve to generate soil energy.The Republic of Uzbekistan, due to its large territory, has various soil-climatic regionalizations. First of all, it is necessary to separately indicate the distribution of soils based on horizontal and vertical patterns. The initial lower limit of the distribution of soils on the territory of our republic based on vertical patterns begins with light gray soils, and continues towards typical and dark gray, mountain brown, high mountain steppe meadows (alpine and subalpine regions) and permanent mountain glaciers. Horizontal patterns, on the other hand, start with light gray, and then move to sandy desert, sandy brown, barren soils and salt marshes.
