Probability

Probability is a fundamental branch of mathematics that deals with the study of randomness, uncertainty, and chance. It provides a mathematical framework for analyzing and quantifying the likelihood of different events occurring. The book would typically cover: 1. Basic probability concepts, definition of probability, sample spaces and events, probability axioms and rules;2. Probability calculations, combinatorics, permutations and combinations, calculation of probabilities of complex events;3. Probability distributions, discrete and continuous probability distributions, normal distribution, binomial, poisson, and other important distributions;4. Statistical inference, hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, sampling techniques;5. Practical applications, probability in real-world scenarios, decision-making under uncertainty, applications in fields like finance, science, and engineering.