Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

BPD is the leading acquired cause of lung development abnormalities in paediatrics. It is a chronic respiratory pathology that mainly affects premature infants. Since the 1970s, the scientific community’s continuing interest in this disease has led to a better understanding of its pathophysiological mechanisms, with several risk factors interfering in the development of this pathology, the main one being prematurity itself. Advances in neonatology have paved the way for the management of increasingly premature newborns. However, despite these advances, the incidence of BPD has remained stable or even increased over time, posing a real challenge in terms of public health.Over the decades, BPD has become a major challenge in neonatology, with significant consequences for the morbidity and mortality of premature infants.It is clearly established that BPD is associated not only with significant respiratory morbidity, but also neurological and cognitive morbidity in premature newborns.