This reprint, originally published as a Special Issue of Applied Sciences, focuses on the performance and analysis of athletes in combat sports and martial arts. The volume takes an interdisciplinary approach, exploring physiological, biomechanical, psychological, and tactical aspects of athlete performance. The collected articles include empirical research, reviews, and innovative applications of technology in the assessment of competitive bouts.The aim of this publication is to offer a comprehensive view of the complex structure of sports combat and the physiological responses that occur during competition. It serves as a valuable resource for coaches, researchers, athletes, and anyone interested in enhancing and optimizing training in combat sports.